Presto Italian for 'fast'. Presto is generally used as the fastest tempo marking. In 18th century music it usually means as fast as possible.
Rest / Rests Rests last for the same number of beats as the notes which they replace. A rest in a bar or measure is a period of time where no note is played.
Dominant the fifth degree of any scale. The to and fro between tonic and dominant can be felt when singing a phrase such as the begining of 'God rest you merry, Gentleman'.
Pause Also known as a hold, or hold sign, this symbol indicates that the note or rest it marks is to be held longer than normal. It may also mark the end of a piece. It looks like an eyebrow over (or under) an eye.
Theme a melody that defines the rest of the musical composition
Vivace Lively, brisk. When used as a tempo, generally faster than allegro, but not as fast as presto.
